Netmask Netmask (binary) CIDR Notes
_____________________________________________________________________________
255.255.255.255 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111 /32 Host (single addr)
255.255.255.254 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111110 /31 Unuseable
255.255.255.252 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 /30 2 useable
255.255.255.248 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 /29 6 useable
255.255.255.240 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 /28 14 useable
255.255.255.224 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000 /27 30 useable
255.255.255.192 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 /26 62 useable
255.255.255.128 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 /25 126 useable
255.255.255.0 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 /24 "Class C" 254 useable
255.255.254.0 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000 /23 2 Class C's
255.255.252.0 11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000 /22 4 Class C's
255.255.248.0 11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000 /21 8 Class C's
255.255.240.0 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000 /20 16 Class C's
255.255.224.0 11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000 /19 32 Class C's
255.255.192.0 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 /18 64 Class C's
255.255.128.0 11111111.11111111.10000000.00000000 /17 128 Class C's
255.255.0.0 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 /16 "Class B"
255.254.0.0 11111111.11111110.00000000.00000000 /15 2 Class B's
255.252.0.0 11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000 /14 4 Class B's
255.248.0.0 11111111.11111000.00000000.00000000 /13 8 Class B's
255.240.0.0 11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000 /12 16 Class B's
255.224.0.0 11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000 /11 32 Class B's
255.192.0.0 11111111.11000000.00000000.00000000 /10 64 Class B's
255.128.0.0 11111111.10000000.00000000.00000000 /9 128 Class B's
255.0.0.0 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 /8 "Class A"
254.0.0.0 11111110.00000000.00000000.00000000 /7
252.0.0.0 11111100.00000000.00000000.00000000 /6
248.0.0.0 11111000.00000000.00000000.00000000 /5
240.0.0.0 11110000.00000000.00000000.00000000 /4
224.0.0.0 11100000.00000000.00000000.00000000 /3
192.0.0.0 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 /2
128.0.0.0 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 /1
0.0.0.0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 /0 IP spaceHow to Create a Kali Linux KVM Guest Domain Using Virsh
Here are my instructions for installing Kali linux in a kvm domain.
MikroTik RouterBoard Backup Script
#!/bin/bash
base=/home/backups/mikrotik/hosts
hour=`date "+%H"`
dow=`date "+%w"`
dom=`date "+%d"`
if [ "$dom" = "01" ]; then
backup_file=`date "+%Y-%m-%d"`.monthly
elif [ "$dow" = "0" ]; then
backup_file=`date "+%Y-%m-%d"`.weekly
else
backup_file=`date "+%Y-%m-%d"`.daily
fi
find $base -mtime +30 -name "*weekly*" -exec rm {} \;
find $base -mtime +7 -name "*daily*" -exec rm {} \;
cd $base
ls -1 | while read host ; do
echo backing up $host
ssh -n admin-ssh@$host "/system backup save name=$backup_file" > /dev/null
ssh -n admin-ssh@$host "/export file=$backup_file" > /dev/null
scp admin-ssh@$host:$backup_file.backup $base/$host > /dev/null
scp admin-ssh@$host:$backup_file.rsc $base/$host > /dev/null
echo "rm $backup_file.backup" | sftp admin-ssh@$host &> /dev/null
echo "rm $backup_file.rsc" | sftp admin-ssh@$host &> /dev/null
doneRequest Tracker 4.2.9 Install on Ubuntu 14.04
I started a new job last week and one of the systems they don’t have is a ticket request tracker. I’ve come to be dependent on Request Tracker (RT) from my time at Northeastern University and at UMass Boston. At Orange, we managed our tasks with a share point list and an email alias, which worked fine, but looking back, I should have implemented RT.
The List of Os Variants in KVM
root@kvm:~# virt-install --os-variant list
win7 : Microsoft Windows 7
vista : Microsoft Windows Vista
winxp64 : Microsoft Windows XP (x86_64)
winxp : Microsoft Windows XP
win2k : Microsoft Windows 2000
win2k8 : Microsoft Windows Server 2008
win2k3 : Microsoft Windows Server 2003
openbsd4 : OpenBSD 4.x
freebsd8 : FreeBSD 8.x
freebsd7 : FreeBSD 7.x
freebsd6 : FreeBSD 6.x
solaris9 : Sun Solaris 9
solaris10 : Sun Solaris 10
opensolaris : Sun OpenSolaris
netware6 : Novell Netware 6
netware5 : Novell Netware 5
netware4 : Novell Netware 4
msdos : MS-DOS
generic : Generic
debianwheezy : Debian Wheezy
debiansqueeze : Debian Squeeze
debianlenny : Debian Lenny
debianetch : Debian Etch
fedora18 : Fedora 18
fedora17 : Fedora 17
fedora16 : Fedora 16
fedora15 : Fedora 15
fedora14 : Fedora 14
fedora13 : Fedora 13
fedora12 : Fedora 12
fedora11 : Fedora 11
fedora10 : Fedora 10
fedora9 : Fedora 9
fedora8 : Fedora 8
fedora7 : Fedora 7
fedora6 : Fedora Core 6
fedora5 : Fedora Core 5
mageia1 : Mageia 1 and later
mes5.1 : Mandriva Enterprise Server 5.1 and later
mes5 : Mandriva Enterprise Server 5.0
mandriva2010 : Mandriva Linux 2010 and later
mandriva2009 : Mandriva Linux 2009 and earlier
rhel7 : Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
rhel6 : Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
rhel5.4 : Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 or later
rhel5 : Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5
rhel4 : Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4
rhel3 : Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3
rhel2.1 : Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1
sles11 : Suse Linux Enterprise Server 11
sles10 : Suse Linux Enterprise Server
opensuse12 : openSuse 12
opensuse11 : openSuse 11
ubuntutrusty : Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)
ubuntusaucy : Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)
ubunturaring : Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)
ubuntuquantal : Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal)
ubuntuprecise : Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
ubuntuoneiric : Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot)
ubuntunatty : Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)
ubuntumaverick : Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)
ubuntulucid : Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx)
ubuntukarmic : Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)
ubuntujaunty : Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)
ubuntuintrepid : Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)
ubuntuhardy : Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)
virtio26 : Generic 2.6.25 or later kernel with virtio
generic26 : Generic 2.6.x kernel
generic24 : Generic 2.4.x kernelHow to Create a Gold Master Windows 7 KVM Guest Domain Using Virsh
root@kvm:/var/lib/libvirt/images# virt-install -n Gold-Win7 -r 1024 /
--disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/Gold-Win7.qcow2,size=40,format=qcow2 /
-c /var/lib/libvirt/images/iso/7600.16385.090713-1255_x64fre_enterprise_en-us_EVAL_Eval_Enterprise-GRMCENXEVAL_EN_DVD.iso /
--accelerate --network network=default --connect=qemu:///system --vnc /
--noautoconsole -v --os-type=windows --os-variant=win7
Starting install...
Allocating 'Gold-Win7.qcow2' | 40 GB 00:00
Creating domain... | 0 B 00:01
Domain installation still in progress. Waiting for installation to complete.How to Create a Gold Master Windows XP KVM Guest Domain Using Virsh
I’m going to recreate my windows xp domain and fix the mistakes I made earlier. I thought that Windows XP didn’t like the qcow2 format, even though I knew it shouldn’t matter. It turns out that Windows XP didn’t like having the disk bus to be virtio, I removed that configuration option and it saw the disk when I booted off the install iso. I also had to remove the virtio option from the network configuration setting.
How to Delete a KVM Guest Using Virsh
My virtualization needs are usually for sandboxing and learning. I intended to start learning more devopsy ways of deploying but I have current needs to learn some new server and client software in a traditional desktop and server IT environment. That’s why I’m reverting back in my posts to making a gold master image of a server or desktop and cloning it.
Windows 8.1 Enterprise Virtual Machine Install on KVM
First download the evaluation version of Windows 8.1 Enterprise
Now download the fedora storage drivers from the kvm site
PBX in a Flash on CentOS 6.5 on KVM
Let’s start off by downloading the CentOS 6.5 minimal iso.